A hacker is basically someone who breaks into computer networks or
standalone personal computer systems for the challenge of it or because
they want to profit from their innate hacking capabilities. The hacker
subculture that has developed among these new-age outlaws is often
defined as the computer underground, although as of late it has evolved
into a more open society of sorts. At any rate, here are the different
types of hackers.
White Hat: A white hat hacker is someone who has
non-malicious intent whenever he breaks into security systems and
whatnot. In fact, a large number of white hat hackers are security
experts themselves who want to push the boundaries of their own IT
security ciphers and shields or even penetration testers specifically
hired to test out how vulnerable or impenetrable (at the time) a present
protective setup currently is. A white hat that does vulnerability
assessments and penetration tests is also known as an ethical hacker.
Black Hat: A black hat hacker also known as a
cracker, is the type of hacker that has malicious intent whenever he
goes about breaking into computer security systems with the use of
technology such as a network, phone system, or computer and without
authorization. His malevolent purposes can range from all sorts
cybercrimes such as piracy, identity theft, credit card fraud,
vandalism, and so forth. He may or may not utilize questionable tactics
such as deploying worms and malicious sites to meet his ends.
Grey Hat: A grey hat hacker is someone who exhibits
traits from both white hats and black hats. More to the point, this is
the kind of hacker that isn\'t a penetration tester but will go ahead
and surf the Internet for vulnerable systems he could exploit. Like a
white hat, he\'ll inform the administrator of the website of the
vulnerabilities he found after hacking through the site. Like a black
hat and unlike a pen tester, he\'ll hack any site freely and without any
prompting or authorization from owners whatsoever. He\'ll even offer to
repair the vulnerable site he exposed in the first place for a small
fee.
Elite Hacker: As with any society, better than
average people are rewarded for their talent and treated as special.
This social status among
the hacker underground, the elite (or,
according to the hacker language that eventually devolved into
leetspeak, 31337) are the hackers among hackers in this subculture of
sorts. They\'re the masters of deception that have a solid reputation
among their peers as the cream of the hacker crop.
Script Kiddie: A script kiddie is
basically an amateur or non-expert hacker wannabe who breaks into
people's computer systems not through his knowledge in IT security and
the ins and outs of a given website, but through the prepackaged
automated scripts (hence the name), tools, and software written by
people who are real hackers, unlike him. He usually has little to know
knowledge of the underlying concept behind how those scripts he has on
hand works.